Relief shown by shading. Map shows on recto: refugee centers, Israeli settlements, oil fields, pipelines, and crude oil imports statistics. Map shows on verso: historical timeline of protectorates dates given for newly independent countries, and Muslim ethnic distribution. Maps on verso: An ethnic mosaic of Islam's heartland. Scale [1:48,000,000] -- The Ottomans lose grip on an empire. Scale [1:48,000,000] -- British and Russian ambitions collide -- After the war, slicing up the region -- Jews create a homeland among Arabs. Ancillary map on recto: "Israel and the Palestinians." Scale [1:750,000] Supplement to the National Geographic September 1980, page 335A, vol. 158, no. 3-Middle East."